The Regulation of the Fur Trade Act of 1821 which provided the Hudson’s Bay Company exclusive rights to trade within the “Indian territories” (the Northwest Territories) lying outside Rupert’s Land and not yet annexed by existing colonies expires in 1859 after being renewed once in 1838 for a period of 21 years. Trading licenses over Vancouver Island and the mainland are already withdrawn by 1849 and 1858 respectively, upon their establishments as colonies.

Foster, Hamar. "Conflict Resolution during the Fur Trade in the Canadian North West, 1803-1859." Cambrian Law Review 25 (1994): 131-132.

Gluek, Alvin C., Jr. "Imperial Protection for the Trading Interests of the Hudson’s Bay Company, 1857–1861." Canadian Historical Review 37, no. 2 (1956): 123.